In this study, the formation and fate of oil-related aggregates (ORAs) from chemically dispersed oil in seawater (SW) were investigated at different temperatures (5 °C, 13 °C, 20 °C). Experiments in natural SW alone, and in SW amended with typical marine snow constituents (phytoplankt...

For oil spilled at sea, the main weathering processes are evaporation, emulsification, photo-oxidation, dispersion and biodegradation. Of these, only biodegradation may completely remove hydrocarbons from the environment in the long term, as the other processes only serve to transform and dilute the...

As ice extent in the Arctic is declining, oil and gas activities will increase, with higher risk of oil spills to the marine environment. To determine biotransformation of dispersed weathered oil in newly formed ice, oil dispersions (2–3 ppm) were incubated in a mixture of natural seawater and frazi...

When an oil field ages and the pressure in the reservoir decreases, or for oil fields with heavy oil, there may be a need for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technologies. Polymer injection is a water-based EOR method where the viscosity of the water injected for pressure support is increased by mixing ...