To be autonomous, systems must be able to capture, perceive, analyse, plan, make decisions and act without human intervention. These characteristics are very important and should be carried out in real time. This is what creates the challenge for autonomous systems to come out and become established...

This paper identifies key technological challenges associated with building and operating Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) and describes how existing and emerging technologies from other domains can contribute to addressing these challenges. The objective is not to provide an exhaustive list...

Ships in autonomous mode will for a long time interact with conventional ships with human decision-makers on the bridge. For safety it will be necessary to simplify this interaction and this paper discusses three areas which will be crucial in this respect: the collision regulations, e-navigation an...