Most large software companies are involved in offshore development, now small- and medium-sized companies are starting to undertake global sourcing too. Empirical research suggests that offshoring is not always successful; however, only a few comprehensive failure stories have been reported. The...
The COVID-19 outbreak has admittedly caused interruptions to production, transportation, and mobility, therefore, having a significant impact on the global supply and demand chain’s well-functioning. But what happened to companies developing digital services, such as software? How has the enforced...
In globally distributed software projects the testing expertise may be scattered across multiple locations. We describe and discuss a globally distributed agile project at DNV GL Software, a multinational provider of software for a safer, smarter and greener future in the energy, process and...
Offshore outsourcing of software development has been both famous for the promises of great cost reductions, and infamous for the hidden costs associated with the challenges of organizing software work over distance. Experience shows that many of these costs do not receive the deserved attention and...
Context: Large software development projects involve multiple interconnected teams, often spread around the world, developing complex products for a growing number of customers and users. Succeeding with large-scale software development requires access to an enormous amount of knowledge and skills...
Background: Teams in large-scale agile programs need to achieve collaborative software development. A proposed guide to collaboration is effective coordination. Large-scale agile software development is well accepted in the software industry, but there is little understanding of such projects and...
Context: In large-scale distributed software projects the expertise may be scattered across multiple locations. Goal: We describe and discuss a large-scale distributed agile project at Ericsson, a multinational telecommunications company headquartered in Sweden. The project is distributed across...
Although the public health emergency related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has officially ended, many software developers still work partly from home. Agile teams that coordinate their office time foster a sense of unity, collaboration, and cohesion among team members. In...
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a natural experiment of an unprecedented scale as companies closed their offices and sent employees to work from home. Many managers were concerned that their engineers would not be able to work effectively from home, or lack the motivation to do so, and...
Trough Silicon Via (TSV) is a key enabling technology to achieve the integration of various dies by exploiting the third dimension. This allow the integration of heterogeneous chips in a single package (2.5D integration) or to achieve higher integration densities of transistors (3D integration...
It is well known that the packaging of electronic devices is of paramount importance, none more so than in MEMS were fragile mechanical elements are realized. Among the different approaches, wafer to wafer bonding guarantees the advantages of the wafer scaling and provides protection of the devices...
Hydrolysis of lignocelluloses using concentrated acids achieves near-theoretical sugar yields, and with fewer degradation products than the more commonly employed dilute acid hydrolysis process. In this paper, the dependence of sugar yield and the production of fermentation inhibitors on central...
The fermentability of hydrolyzates derived from two-stage concentrated sulfuric acid hydrolysis of Trembling aspen (Populus tremula) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) were investigated. Three types of hydrolyzates were produced at mild, moderate and high decrystallization severity conditions...