Increasing energy prices as well as environmental considerations make waste heat to power conver-sion very attractive. This is especially the case for energy intensive industry sectors like aluminium industry. An energy flow survey has been performed for the casting furnace at Sunndalsøra (Hydro...
... This chapter presents three case studies using the models and methods for risk analysis of electricity supply described in Chap. 7, as well as the basic concepts and interdependency modelling of Chaps. 2 and 4. The case studies comprise analyses of the reliability of supply for delivery points...
Hvorvidt bruk av farger og andre tiltak som modifiserer det visuelle inntrykket av kraftlednings-strukturer medfører økt/redusert fare for at fugler skal kollidere med dem, har ikke vært gjen-stand for vurdering etter 1999. Det samme gjelder i stor grad tekniske aspekter knyttet til te-maet. Det var...
Implementation of smart metering in Europe creates new opportunities for studying electricity consumption patterns. Measurement of end-uses on appliance level remains however to be very time consuming and expensive, so the possibility to model segmented end-use demand based on metering of total...
Many industrial processes are based on two reactions: a primary one related to the achievement of the main process objective and a secondary one which is necessary to continuously run the process. Those reactions can be performed continuously by means of two interconnected fluidized beds. The...
This study describes a model for optimal scheduling of hydro thermal systems with multiple hydro reservoirs. Inflow to hydropower reservoirs, wind power and exogenously given prices are treated as stochastic variables. Power flow constraints are included through a linearised power flow model. A...
The non-breakdown and breakdown streamers in paraffinic model oil were investigated under negative step voltages. Experiments were performed with the point-plane gap of 8 cm and voltage up to 540 kV. Streamer behaviors were observed with shape, stopping length, velocity, current and light emission...
This paper presents an extensive review of all known published literature on water consumption from hydropower plants. The paper documents that the estimates show a large variation, from close to zero m3/MWh to more than 3500 m3/MWh, where the maximum values are far beyond the published values by...
The expected increase of intermittent electricity production imposed by renewable energy sources in Northern Europe poses rising challenges to the operation of the power system. The Nordic hydro based power system, particularly the Norwegian, is in a favourable position to provide necessary...
This paper discusses cause and effect of harmonic voltages and severe lighting equipment flicker that were observed by low voltage end consumers in connection with the operation of a pumping station connected to a 22 kV radial line of a typical MV distribution network of a Norwegian utility. The...
This paper presents a method for treating transmission network bottlenecks in a stochastic hydro-thermal scheduling model. The model is designed for long- and medium-term scheduling of hydro-thermal power system operation, where decisions are made for aggregated regional subsystems or areas. The...