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Multiscale simulation is a promising approach to facilitate direct simulation of large and complex grid-models for highly heterogeneous petroleum reservoirs.  Unlike traditional simulation approaches based on upscaling/downscaling, multiscale methods seek to solve the full flow problem by incorporating...

...are interconnected and in many cases there is still potential for further production improvement by only optimising the different stages (e.g. separate grinding, mill operation etc.). This, in turn, indicates the potential for quality improvers to further optimise the production and improve the quality...

...upon version V1.0 of the ZEN definition guideline and series of ZEN definition reports. The ZEN categories for GHG emissions, energy, and power have been updated after having been tested in selected pilots. In addition, a description of the ZEN KPI tool and framework has been added. Finally, the ZEN categories...

...questionnaire administered to households with (Case HHs) and without disabled members (Control HHs), one Individual Case questionnaire administered to individuals who were found to qualify as being disabled in the screening (Case individuals), and an Individual Control questionnaire administered to matched...

...energy production, and variable energy prices in different industrial com panies to make an optimization entity for industrial cluster energy use. We discuss two energy optimization approaches: a centralized choice for all energy consumption and local-level trading of energy surplus and develop a graph-based...

...an ongoing process within the EU on how to fulfil the commitment made to the Paris agreement. The role of hydrogen, and in particular hydrogen from natural gas combined with capture and storage of the produced CO₂ (CCS), is debated. The hydrogen for Europe pre-study has been undertaken with the purpose...

...state-of-the-art within electrical systems for pumped storage plants. Three main different systems are presented and evaluated: Constant speed, adjustable speed with doubly-fed induction machine and adjustable speed with a full rated frequency converter. Pumped storage hydropower systems have been used for...

...precise, consistent and understandable vocabulary for our work on model-based user interface development, by finding or making our own definitions of concepts that are central in this field. When working on the definitions, we have exploited general vocabularies for describing and categorizing computer...

...existing buildings. The approach used has involved a systematic assessment and meta-analysis of life cycle assessments performed in connection with the rehabilitation and upgrading of existing buildings. The study has reviewed Norwegian and international publications containing life cycle assessments of existing...

...time for road works. As a part of this it shows how glare can be reduced and its adverse effects to the motorists mitigated. The primary aim of the project was that it should result in recommendations as bases for the improvement and coordination of existing regulations in the Nordic countries by giving ...

Denne studien undersøker faktorer som oppmuntrer og begrenser klimatilpassede løsninger i typehussektoren, med spesiell fokus på faktorer som påvirker hvilke klimahensyn som tas i beslutningsprosessen og dermed tilpasning til klimavariasjoner på kort sikt og endringer på lang sikt. Studien...

...report summarizes the main results and contributions from the “Market Based Demand Response” project (2005-2008).The project has been organized in three work packages with the following focuses: WP 1: Measures to increase the demand side price elasticity, WP 2: Technology and quality improvements in the “meter...

...specification of user interfaces supporting emergency responders. First, we outline the special challenges faced when developing such user interfaces, and the approach used in the FLUIDE Framework to meet these challenges. Then we introduce the framework, including its two specification languages. Thereafter...

Living Labs is a relatively new approach to involving users in the innovation and development processes and has received great interest lately. In the NordForsk research project SociaLL we aim to use social software for co-creation in Living Labs. This document is our initial framework to support the...

Relaxation and Benders decomposition, were studied. The computational experiments showed that results were not of high enough quality to be used with the FanSi model. Benders decomposition was applied for decomposition in time. Three decomposition schemes were tested, one serial implementation and two schemes...

...this brief study included i) to assess and identifying the key marine invasive species whose global spread has been documented to occur via fouling of maritime vessels; ii) to assess and summarising the impacts related to the spread of marine invasive species; and iii) to assess whether the measures set...

...implemented in the ocean model system SINMOD, and the tests that have been run in the ELMO project. The report describes the choice of the EnOI assimilation method, its implementation in SINMOD, the input layer for providing measurement data to the model, and two test cases where the model has been run...

In this report we summarize the results from our work on requirements and design of social software for co-creation in Living Labs, conducted within the SociaLL project.Social design feedback is proposed as an approach to utilize social software for such co-creation. We discuss tools for social design...

...aquaculture more circular. The concepts are based on industry initiatives, circular business models and management principles. Furthermore, the report describes the theory behind circular economy and relevant concepts, as well as the background for plastics in aquaculture, including regulatory context...

Reduction of energy use and GHG emissions in the building sector is a high priority. The EU 2050 roadmap that was established in 2010, states that to achieve a global warming of less than 2°C in this century, Europe should reduce its GHG emissions by 80 % by 2050, using 1990 emissions as the reference...