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The process time and energy consumption are important factors when yield and cost for a process isconsidered. One possibility for controlling the heat flux in a Crystalox DS-250 furnace is to use a shutter underneath the crucible which can be opened or closed in controllable ways. Originally this...

Numerical experiments are used to study thermally driven flow during directional solidification of multi-crystalline (mc) silicon. A solid–liquid (s–l) interface shape was imposed by varying the absolute value and the direction of the radial temperature gradient in the melt. The flow pattern and the...

This paper presents a comprehensive empirical analysis of bifacial photovoltaic (bPV) module performance in high-latitude regions, based on data collected from an outdoor field laboratory in Trondheim, Norway. It explores the operational dynamics of bPV systems under environmental challenges such as...

A heat transfer model of a semi-industrial furnace has been build, using a 3D FEM model in order to analyze the crystallization phase of a multi-crystalline square ingot. In the modeling of the solidification process heat transfer phenomena, such as radiation and conduction in the furnace have been...

Numerical results from a dynamic simulation of impurity transport and reactions in a Bridgman furnace for directional solidification of multi-crystalline silicon are presented and compared to experimental results. The simulation includes the calculation of the thermal field, melt and gas flow...

Temperature and oxygen distributions were numerically studied for the Czochralski (Cz) growth of 8′′ diameter silicon single crystals for photovoltaic applications. Fluctuations in the dopant concentration (striation pattern) in the grown crystal obtained by lateral photovoltage scanning (LPS...

In this paper the potential of a specially designed argon gas injector for controlling the gas flow and transport of impurities in directional solidification of multi-crystalline silicon is evaluated. The gas injector which consists of a valve allows one to control the flow direction independently...

A heat transfer model of a semi-industrial induction furnace has been build, using a 3D finite element model in order to analyze the entire process cycle, based on the heating, melting, solidification and cooling phases of a multi-crystalline square ingot. In the modeling of the entire process, heat...

Reliable modelling of the solar potential of urban surfaces (i.e. roofs, facades and ground) in the built environment can contribute to boost the exploitation of solar energy. Empirical and quasi-physical models are combined into model chains for this scope. Among these models, the decomposition...

Numerical experiments are used to study thermally driven flow during directional solidification of multi-crystalline (mc) silicon. A solid–liquid (s–l) interface shape was imposed by varying the absolute value and the direction of the radial temperature gradient in the melt. The flow pattern and the...