Industrial CO₂-capture projects: status, lessons learned and needs for progressing towards full-scale implementation

The ongoing Preem CCS project investigates opportunities for CO₂ capture from the Preem refineries in Lysekil and
Gothenburg, Sweden, with focus on the Lysekil refinery. The consortium members of this Norwegian-Swedish
collaboration are Preem AB, Chalmers University of Technology, SINTEF Energy Research, Equinor Energy and
Aker Carbon Capture. In this paper, we present the alternative carbon capture and storage (CCS) value chains that are
being studied, together with the potential amounts of direct CO₂ emissions from production that can be captured in
each case. We also discuss potential cost reduction factors for CO₂ capture at the Preem refineries, such as heat
integration within the refinery and economies of scale, which may also be of relevance for reduction of capture costs
for other Northern Lights partners. The implementation of CO₂ capture in the Preem refineries will be an important
step not only for Preem but also for Sweden to reach their climate neutrality goals.