ELEGANCY – Enabling a Low-Carbon Economy via Hydrogen and CCS

• Perspective on the hydrogen economy as a pathway to reach net-zero CO₂ emissions in Europe (Energy & Environmental Science, 2022; doi: 10.1039/D1EE02118D)
• Overview paper presented at the 11th Trondheim Conference on CO₂ Capture, Transport and Storage, TCCS-11, June 2021.
• Final report

H₂ supply chain and H₂-CO₂ separation – WP1

• D1.1.2 Report on characterization of equilibria and transport phenomena in promising new adsorbents for CO₂/H₂ separation
• D1.3.1 Report on optimal plants for production of low-carbon H₂ with state-of-the-art technologies
• D1.3.2 Hydrogen production from natural gas and biomethane with CCS - a techno-environmental analysis
• Novel adsorption process for co-production of hydrogen and CO₂ from a multicomponent stream (Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 58, 37, 2019. doi: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02817)
• Novel adsorption process for co-production of hydrogen and CO₂ from a multicomponent stream -- Part 2: Application to steam methane reforming and autothermal reforming gases (Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 59, 21, 2020. doi: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b06953)
• Hydrogen production from natural gas and biomethane with carbon capture and storage – A techno-environmental analysis (Sustainable Energy & Fuels, 6, 2020. doi: 10.1039/D0SE00222D)
• Seasonal energy storage for zero-emissions multi-energy systems via underground hydrogen storage (Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 121, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2019.109629)
  
• Synergistic material and process development: application of a metal-organic framework, Cu-TDPAT, in single-cycle hydrogen purification and CO₂ capture from synthesis gas (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.128778)

• Modelling of CO₂ and H₂O interaction during adsorption cycles on hydrotalcite for SEWGS applications (Proceedings GHGT-15, 2021, doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3811608)

CO₂ transport, injection and storage – WP2

• D2.1.1 Report and software on a property model for CO₂-rich mixtures in contact with brines with a seawater-like composition

• Combination of Gibbs and Helmholtz Energy Equations of State in a Multiparameter Mixture Model Using the IAPWS Seawater Model as an Example. (International Journal of Thermophysics, 43, 2022; doi: 10.1007/s10765-021-02959-x)

• D2.1.4 Validation of experimental appratus for measurement of H₂ solubility in water/brine
• D2.1.5 Solubility of H₂ in pure water at reservoir conditions
• D2.1.6 Solubility of H₂ in brine at reservoir conditions

• Solubility of hydrogen in sodium chloride brine at high pressures. (Fluid Phase Equilibria, 539, 2021; doi: 10.1016/j.fluid.2021.113025)

• D2.2.1 Coupled CO₂-well-reservoir simulation using a partitioned approach: Effect of reservoir properties on well dynamics (Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology, 11, 2021; doi: 10.1002/ghg.2035)
• D2.2.2 Depressurization of CO₂-N₂ and CO₂-He in a pipe: Experiments and modelling of pressure and temperature dynamics. (International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 109, 2021; doi: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2021.103361. Dataset: 10.5281/zenodo.3984822.)
• D2.2.3 Upward and downward two-phase flow of CO₂ in a pipe: Comparison between experimental data and model predictions (International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 138, 2021; doi: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2021.103590)
• D2.3.1 Rock and fluid sample selection for petrophysics studies
• D2.3.2 Pore and gas sorption properties of Opalinus Clay
• D2.3.3 Direct spatial mapping of fracture properties during shearing displacements in rock cores
  Journal version: JGR Solid Earth 2019, 127, 7; doi: 10.1029/2019JB017301, Preprint.
• D2.3.4 Experimental observations of single and multiphase flows on carbonates

• Pore network model predictions of Darcy‐scale multiphase flow heterogeneity validated by experiments (Water Resources Research, 56, 2020; doi: 10.1029/2019WR026708, Preprint.)

• CO₂ Sequestration: Studying caprock and fault sealing integrity, the CS-D experiment in Mont Terri (Fifth CO₂ Geological Storage Workshop, EAGE proceedings, 2018)
• D2.5.1 Subsurface microbial hydrogen cycling: Natural occurrence and implications for industry (Microorganisms 2019, 7, 53; doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7020053)
• D2.5.2 Recommendations for operational practice and materials to minimize the degradation of installed downhole fibre-optic cable monitoring infrastructure
• D2.5.3 Modelling of geochemical response to H₂ of the Bunter sandstone

Business case development for H₂-CCS integrated chains – WP3

• D3.2.1 Interim report detailing the regulatory, fiscal, and macro-economic background for each case study
• D3.3.2 Interim report detailing policy issues, business risks, de-risking instruments, and incentive mechanisms relevant for case study countries
• D3.3.3 Interim report detailing the development of business models and commercial structures
• D3.3.4 Interim report detailing the guidelines for the assessment and application of the business case templates in WP5
• D3.4.1 Synthesis report on business case development for H₂-CCS integrated chains
• ELEGANCY Business case development toolbox
• De-risking the hydrogen-CCS value chain through law (European Energy and Environmental Law Review, 30, 2, 2021. Preprint.)

• A business model and business case development methodology and toolkit for regional decarbonisation utilising CCUS (Proceedings GHGT-15, 2021, doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3816451)

H₂-CCS chain tool and evaluation methodologies for integrated chains – WP4

• D4.1.1a Chain tool user requirements specification
• D4.1.1b Chain tool functional specification
• D4.1.1c Chain tool technical specification
• D4.2.1 Definition of quantifiable environmental, economic and operability metrics for all H₂-CCS chain sections and model components
• D4.3.1 Operational component model inventory. Report. Software (zip file).
• D4.4.1 Surrogate model generation for hydrogen production from natural gas. Software available at GitHub.

• Constrained adaptive sampling for domain reduction in surrogate model generation: Applications to hydrogen production. (AIChE Journal, 2021; doi: 10.1002/aic.17357. )

• D4.5.2 ELEGANCY H₂-CCS chain tool -- design and operational toolkit. Reports and software available at GitHub.

Case studies – WP5

• D5.1.1 Regional overview of requirements and potentials of H₂ markets
• D5.2.1 Industrial cluster in Rotterdam with its socio-economic contribution, CO₂ emissions and target setting for emission reduction
• D5.2.2 Needed H₂ production facilities, integration in port infrastructure, possible ownership structure and CAPEX/ OPEX estimates (Dutch case study)
• On the role of H₂ storage and conversion for wind power production in the Netherlands (Computer Aided Chemical Engineering 46, 2019. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-818634-3.50272-1, Preprint.)
• D5.2.3 CO₂ transport and offshore storage facilities needed to meet emission reduction requirements
• D5.2.5 Evaluation of the potential for hydrogen and CCS in the decarbonization of the Dutch steel industry
• D5.2.6 ROADMAP for the introduction of a low carbon industry in the Rotterdam region
• D5.3.1 Hydrogen production from natural gas and biomethane with carbon capture and storage – A techno-environmental analysis (Sustainable Energy Fuels, 2020. doi: 10.1039/D0SE00222D)
  
• Life cycle environmental and cost comparison of current and future passenger cars under different energy scenarios (Applied Energy 269, July 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115021)
• M5.3.2 WP3 business case framework applied and tested on the Swiss case study
• D5.3.3 Combining direct air capture and geothermal heat and electricity generation for net-negative carobon dioxide emissions. (World Geothermal Congress, WGC 2020. doi: 10.3929/ethz-b-000449685)
• Life cycle assessment of direct air carbon capture and storage with low-carbon energy sources (Environmental Science & Technology, 2021. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.1c03263)
• D5.4.2 What is needed to deliver carbon-neutral heat using hydrogen and CCS? (Energy & Environmental Science 13, 2020. doi:  10.1039/D0EE02016H)
• D5.4.3 H21 Leeds and North of England risk matrix, business case template and risk reduction strategies
• Tools and options for hydrogen and CCS cluster development and acceleration – UK case study, ELEGANCY project (Proceedings, GHGT-15, 2021. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3815268)
  

• The interdisciplinary approach of the German case study to enable a low carbon economy by hydrogen and CCS (Energy Procedia 158, February 2019. doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.887)

• D5.5.1 German case study: First assessment of options for a decarbonised gas infrastructure
• D5.5.2 German case study: Final design and first results
• D5.5.3 CO₂ and H₂ infrastructure in Germany: Final report of the German case study
• Rethinking economic energy policy research – developing qualitative scenarios to identify feasible energy policies (Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems 9(1), 2021. doi: 10.13044/j.sdewes.d8.0331)
• Towards a low-carbon society via hydrogen and carbon capture and storage: Social acceptance from a stakeholder perspective. (Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems 9(1), 2021. doi: 10.13044/j.sdewes.d8.0322)
• D5.6.1 Potential for H₂ utilization and CO₂ storage in Norway
• D5.6.2 Scenarios for Norwegian H₂ value chain (public summary)
• D5.6.3 Norwegian H₂ value chain from a European perspective