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...conventional remelting and subsequent refining processing has been taken into account. Solid-state recycling processes such as extrusion and compaction at room or moderate temperature can result in significant energy savings. However, as aluminum scrap is normally contaminated by oil and/or organic coatings...

...techniques for modeling and analysis. The problems include automated support for service discovery, selection, negotiation, and composition. In addition, support for automated service contracting and contract execution is crucial for any large scale service environment where multiple clients and service providers...

The present work reports charging effects and surface potential variations in pure copper, cuprous oxide and cupric oxide nanowires observed by electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). The copper nanowires were produced by wet synthesis, oxidation into cuprous oxide...

...heat pump technologies and their contribution to achieving the European Union’s (EU) goals on clean and secure heating/cooling. First, it provides a comprehensive overview of the status and trajectories of heat pump penetration, recent regulations, market growth projections, and supply chain challenges...

...alginate from Laminaria hyperborea and seaweed meal from Ascophyllum nodosum. However, 97 % of the global seaweed production comes from cultivation, and 97 % of all production takes place in Asia. Over the past decade, a new seaweed cultivation sector has emerged in Norway and Europe, primarily focusing on...

Regionally, an ice cover in fjords of mainland Norway may form and break up repeatedly during winter. Due to relatively high water temperatures, the freeze-up process is expected to be related to freshwater-induced stratification in the fjords in conjunction with low air temperatues. In an attempt to...