Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are a focal point for the removal of microplastic (MP) particles before they are discharged into aquatic environments. WWTPs are capable of removing substantial quantities of larger MP particles but are inefficient in removing particles with any one dimension of l...

Marine genetic resources (MGR) are a new issue in high seas management. Discussion on how to best manage these resources is currently ongoing at the United Nations, within the context of a proposed treaty on the conservation and sustainable use of marine ‘Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction’ (...

In this study, we conducted an experimental panel survey in Norway, Germany and Portugal to explore consumers' willingness to pay more for products that are certified microplastic free. This is placed within the context of private certification schemes and private governance as mechanisms to increas...

The third of four scheduled Inter-Governmental Conferences on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction met in New York in August 2019. This article tracks the progress made in the negotiations, focusing on the four key themes the draft treaty is addres...

Taking a state to court for maritime disputes is not necessarily a straightforward issue for a given state under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). This article examines state choices under Article 287 when a disagreement has escalated beyond negotiations. To identify and ...

This chapter discusses practice of another important Arctic coastal State: Norway. The authors choose Svalbard as a case study. The chapter examines existing conflicts between Arctic nations with respect to the Archipelago of Svalbard, suggesting that these conflicts are driven by a race for resourc...

The United Nations is halfway through the scheduled negotiations for a new legally binding instrument to govern biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ). This paper discusses the results of the second intergovernmental BBNJ conference, which took place March 25 - April 5, 2019, and analyzes ...