Abstract
This report explores how Norway can strengthen its position in the battery value chain and support Europe's transition toward a sustainable, competitive battery industry. The battery demand in Norway is projected for different socio-economic pathways using IFE-TIMES-Norway, a long-term optimization model to forecast the development of the energy system in Norway. The model forecasts cost-optimal development of energy systems considering various assumptions on future policies, demand projections, technology diffusion. The materials need to satisfy the forecasted demand is modelled using a Material Flow Analysis (MFA) approach that allows assessing potential bottlenecks in materials, including assessments of recycling and 2nd use opportunities. Finally, a value chain optimization model is used to assess the economic potential of upscaling battery production in Norway by considering the most cost-effective ways for local production to meet the forecasted battery demand.