Abstract
Most laboratory measurements show dispersion at low frequencies, increasing further from seismic to ultrasonic frequencies.
Bound water near mineral surfaces may contribute to dispersion in the seismic frequency range by viscoelasticity (enhanced viscosity and non-zero shear modulus) and local flow between elongated and open pores.
Free water squirt, primarily associated with microcracks in non-clay components of shales, may be responsible for the large dispersion between seismic and ultrasonic frequencies.
Laboratory measurements between seismic and ultrasonic frequencies are lacking.
Bound water near mineral surfaces may contribute to dispersion in the seismic frequency range by viscoelasticity (enhanced viscosity and non-zero shear modulus) and local flow between elongated and open pores.
Free water squirt, primarily associated with microcracks in non-clay components of shales, may be responsible for the large dispersion between seismic and ultrasonic frequencies.
Laboratory measurements between seismic and ultrasonic frequencies are lacking.