Abstract
The increasing demand to address maritime emissions necessitates the implementation and testing of emission reduction technologies onboard ships. This study explores a risk-based certification (RBC) approach, developed under the EU/UK Green Marine project, to assess the retrofitting of a membrane-based Carbon Capture System (CCS) on an existing ship. The primary focus is on conducting a comprehensive risk assessment to ensure compliance with regulatory and industry standards set by Classification Societies. The research emphasises the initial stages of the RBC process: RBC-1 and RBC-2 as a part of 5-step approach outlined by Lloyd’s Register [1]. RBC-1 evaluates the design and safety of retrofitted systems, reviewing General Arrangements (GAs), Process Flow Diagrams (PFDs), and system interactions for structural and operational integrity. RBC-2 centres on Hazard Identification (HAZID) to identify and mitigate risks, such as overheating, mechanical failures, leaks, and corrosion, through collaborative workshops involving project stakeholders. Mitigation strategies, including regular maintenance and quality inspections, are proposed. The findings demonstrate that the RBC process, coupled with HAZID, strengthens operational resilience and ensures compliance with safety and environmental standards and can fulfil the process towards a Classification Society Approval in Principle (AiP). This work advances Green Marine project objectives and provides a robust framework for managing retrofitted technology risks. Future steps involve applying advanced reliability analysis tools, such as Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) and Bayesian Belief Networks (BBN), to further enhance safety and reliability in sustainable maritime solutions.