...surfaces. The conventional wet chemical etching methods have clear limitations in etching and texturing of multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) wafers. Chemical etching of mc-Si wafers in alkaline solutions results in a coarse and non uniform surface morphology since the dissolution rate depends on the grain orientation...
...available in the literature that predict the observed failure modes and the crack spacing in the NSM anchorage zone. Compared to B-NSM, the S-NSM solution was successful in avoiding brittle CCD failure and showed increased rotational capacity and energy dissipation at failure. Existing CCD debonding models...
...assess the real behaviour and capacity of three types of bridges in order to be able to utilize them in a more efficient way. The three studied bridges are: (1) Lautajokk – A one-span trough bridge tested in fatigue to check the shear capacity of the section between the slab and the girders; (2) Övik...
...estimating the present-day circuit breaker population and its future development so that the environmental and economic impact of this transition can be assessed. The method is first presented, and the assumptions behind its application are presented and discussed. Finally, the method is demonstrated using...
The vulnerability of transport processes has been visible in various disruptions over the last years such as extreme weather events, the pandemic, and the war in Ukraine. Additionally, according to the International Energy Agency, the transport sector is globally responsible for more than 7000 MtCO2...
...economics, and political science, one consistent, transparent, and comprehensive analytical framework for assessing and evaluating various CCS chains is developed. The presented methodology aims at improving knowledge on the design of efficient CCS chains by developing methods for assessing and comparing...
...used for a transmission expansion analysis for a 2030 scenario of the Northern European power system. The results for the simulation of the scenario and the transmission expansion analysis are presented as well. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ...
...physical sorption and membrane separation have been the dominant fields of research within post- and pre-combustion CO2 capture from power cycles and industrial processes. Except for oxy-combustion capture applications, limited attention has been given to low-temperature capture from flue gas and synthesis gas...