Velocity and thickness estimation of thin CO₂ layers with uniform and patchy saturation - a 4D synthetic study

Thin accumulations of CO₂ layers below shale layers gives rise to prominent 4D seismic anomalies. The thin CO₂ layers are typically within the tuning limit hence causing complicated reflection and amplitude patterns. A model developed for estimation of velocities and thicknesses of CO₂ layers is extended and shown to be sensitive to patchy saturations in the CO₂-layers.