Monitoring the dynamics of the injected CO₂ plume at Svelvik field lab using multi-source and simultaneous multi-receiver seismic systems: A combined borehole hydrophone, surface geophone and DAS approach

The Svelvik CO₂ Field Lab (SFL), located in Svelvik, Norway, is a pioneering research facility dedicated to advancing CO₂ storage technologies. It provides a controlled environment for studying CO₂ behavior in subsurface formations, enabling small-scale field experiments to validate safe and efficient carbon storage methods. Equipped with advanced monitoring systems, SFL continues to bridge the gap between laboratory studies and industrial applications, playing a vital role in developing scalable solutions for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and addressing global climate challenges. In response to growing interest in near-well integrity and leakage detection—critical for ensuring the safety and reliability of CCUS technologies—we recently conducted a comprehensive measurement campaign at the SFL. This campaign specifically aimed to identify novel and innovative techniques for detecting near-well challenges, such as micro-leakage and integrity issues. This study focuses on detailing the campaign, including its methods, some initial findings, and the implications of those results.