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Clash of Requirements: Users First vs. Model First

Abstract

This short-paper examines the tensions between user experience (UX) designers and data scientists in requirements engineering for machine learning (ML) systems. Through a case study at Marcomp, a maritime service provider, we investigated how an image recognition ML project revealed fundamental differences in approaches to requirements elicitation. Data scientists adopted a model-first trajectory, focusing on the model's accuracy and expecting users to adapt to its constraints. In contrast, UX designers prioritized user workflows, questioning whether the solution satisfied user needs. Our findings demonstrate that while both groups work iteratively, they conceptualize requirements differently: data scientists iterate to improve model performance, whereas UX designers iterate to enhance user value. This disparity, amplified by management's push to implement AI technologies, resulted in a system that improved administrative efficiency but disrupted users' workflows. In this short-paper, we contribute a descriptive story to deepen our understanding of how the perspectives of software development practices and data science methods differ in requirements engineering processes for AI systems.
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Category

Academic chapter

Language

English

Author(s)

Affiliation

  • SINTEF Community / Architecture, Materials and Structures
  • SINTEF Digital / Software Engineering, Safety and Security
  • Norwegian University of Science and Technology

Year

2025

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)

Book

FSE Companion '25: Proceedings of the 33rd ACM International Conference on the Foundations of Software Engineering

ISBN

9798400712760

Page(s)

1515 - 1519

View this publication at Norwegian Research Information Repository