Abstract
Internet of Things (IoT) has the potential to support a more sustainable world by digitalizing various daily-life tasks and industrial processes. On the other hand, the global energy consumption of IoT devices is already gigantic. The energy consumption and the e-waste of IoT devices will increase considerably since the number of devices will exceed 75 billion soon. Over the years, Green IoT (G-IoT) has emerged as a research area to reduce the energy consumption of IoT devices and increase the lifespan of these devices. Among many, we consider intermittent computing and software-defined IoT systems two important research directions within the context of G-IoT. In this paper, we investigate the intermittent computing techniques, categorize them, and present the open challenges and research opportunities that can assist the research community. We provide an overview of software defined IoT systems, discuss their sustainability objectives, and present techniques to achieve these objectives. As a position paper, we focus on the opportunities and challenges rather than the results and findings.