Abstract
To combat cybercrime, a clearer understanding of the attacks and the offenders is necessary. When there is little available data about attack incidents, which is usually the case for new technology, one can make estimations about the necessary investments an offender would need to compromise the system. The next step would be to implement measures that increase these costs to a level that makes the attack unattractive. Our research method follows the principles of design science, where cycles of research activities are used to create artefacts intended to solve real-world problems. Our artefacts are an approach for creating a resource costs model (RCM) and an accompanying modelling tool implemented as a web application. These are used to find the required attacker resources at each stage of the cyber kill chain. End user feedback show that structured visualisation of the required resources raises the awareness of the cyberthreat. This approach has its strength and provides best accuracy with specific attacks, but is more limited when there are many possible attack vectors of different types.