Efficiency Improvement of Chemical Looping Combustion Combined Cycle Power Plants

Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is an innovative technology for power production with inherent carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture. Even though CLC imposes no direct energy penalty for CO₂ capture, previous works have shown significant energy penalties relative to natural gas (NG) combined cycle plants. This is due to the relatively low turbine inlet temperature (TIT), which is limited by the oxygen carrier used in the CLC process. Therefore, herein, an additional combustor (COMB) is included downstream of the CLC unit to raise the TIT (dependent on the CLC/COMB outlet temperature [COT] and the blade cooling). When NG is used in the additional COMB, the energy penalty is only 2.9% points with 72% CO₂ capture. Achieving higher CO₂ capture requires the use of H₂ fuel in the COMB. The efficiency of the H₂ production process plays an important role. For conventional H₂ production with post-combustion CO₂ capture, the added COMB brings no improvement and the energy penalty is 8.8% points. For an advanced H₂ production process (90% efficiency), the energy penalty reduces to 4.5% points with 100% CO₂ capture. The results show the potential of CLC-combined cycle power plants with an additional COMB to minimize the energy penalty of CO₂ capture.