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Multiple-stressor effects in an apex predator: combined influence of pollutants and sea ice decline on lipid metabolism in polar bears

Abstract

There is growing evidence from experimental and human epidemiological studies that many pollutants can disrupt lipid metabolism. In Arctic wildlife, the occurrence of such compounds could have serious consequences for seasonal feeders. We set out to study whether organohalogenated compounds (OHCs) could cause disruption of energy metabolism in female polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Svalbard, Norway (n = 112). We analyzed biomarkers of energy metabolism including the abundance profiles of nine lipid-related genes, fatty acid (FA) synthesis and elongation indices in adipose tissue, and concentrations of lipid-related variables in plasma (cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides). Furthermore, the plasma metabolome and lipidome were characterized by low molecular weight metabolites and lipid fingerprinting, respectively. Polychlorinated biphenyls, chlordanes, brominated diphenyl ethers and perfluoroalkyl substances were significantly related to biomarkers involved in lipid accumulation, FA metabolism, insulin utilization, and cholesterol homeostasis. Moreover, the effects of pollutants were measurable at the metabolome and lipidome levels. Our results indicate that several OHCs affect lipid biosynthesis and catabolism in female polar bears. Furthermore, these effects were more pronounced when combined with reduced sea ice extent and thickness, suggesting that climatedriven sea ice decline and OHCs have synergistic negative effects on polar bears.
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Category

Academic article

Language

English

Author(s)

  • Sabrina Tartu
  • Roger Lille-Langøy
  • Trond Røvik Størseth
  • Sophie Bourgeon
  • Anders Brunsvik
  • Jon Aars
  • Anders Goksøyr
  • Bjørn Munro Jenssen
  • Anuschka Polder
  • Gregory W. Thiemann
  • Vidar Torget
  • Heli Routti

Affiliation

  • SINTEF Industry / Biotechnology and Nanomedicine
  • SINTEF Ocean / Climate and Environment
  • University of Bergen
  • UiT The Arctic University of Norway
  • Norwegian University of Life Sciences
  • Norwegian University of Science and Technology
  • York University
  • Norwegian Polar Institute

Year

2017

Published in

Scientific Reports

Volume

7

View this publication at Norwegian Research Information Repository