Abstract
Macrophage activation has emerged as a key area in immunology, in which they are polarized to adopt different functional phenotypes in response to various environmental signals. Here, we describe the procedure of isolating human primary CD14+ monocytes and polarization toward M1 (pro-inflammatory) and M2 (anti-inflammatory) phenotypes. Relevant cytokine levels can be detected by manual and automated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).