Abstract
The increase in battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in Norway has been accompanied and enabled by the construction of a network of public fast charging stations. However, to sustain the expected growth in BEV adoption, including heavy vehicles, a significant expansion of the charging network is necessary. The current pace of electrification in the industrial sector, combined with a grid nearing its installed capacity, presents challenges for establishing the required number of public charging stations. This paper explores the main barriers to charging infrastructure expansion through in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, including Distribution System Operators, Charging Point Operators, governmental directorates, and interest organizations for BEV users. The findings highlight several barriers that need to be addressed. We conclude with recommendations for overcoming these barriers, emphasizing the importance of enhanced coordination, regulatory reforms, technical innovations, standardization, and financial incentives. These insights aim to support the efficient expansion of charging infrastructure, facilitating the broader adoption of electric vehicles in Norway and beyond.