Sammendrag
Hydropeaking presents one of the large impacts on river ecology and is gaining importance because of an increasinlgy volatile energy market with high portions of new renewable energies dependent on local climate conditions. This study presents the application of a fuzzy logic model for the investigation of macrobenthic habitats under hydropeaking conditions in the Norwegian river Surna. Preference data of the three taxa Baetis rhodani, Hydroptila spp. and Allogamus auricollis with distinctively different habitat requirements related to near-bottom flow forces (high/low forces, and narrow range) are used. These data are transferred into the multivariate fuzzy rule-based physical habitat model Computer Aided Simulation of Instream flow and Riparia in order to integrate water depth and river bed substrate as additional parameters. Permanently available habitats (persistent habitats) are assessed for different scenarios of hydropeaking operation. It is found that the amount of persistently high-quality habitat is closely related to the size and range of fluctuations in hydraulic conditions occuring during hydropeaking events. Effects are much more distinct for species with a narrow range of hydraulic preference. The integration of water depth in the simulations has a noticable impact on the amount and quality of predicted habitats. Substrate conditions in the investigation site are homogeneous and, in the specific case considered, do not have a significant impact. The study suggests persistent habitats as a suitable indicator of hydropeaking impact on organisms with low mobility. The persistent habitat approach takes into account that organisms with a low mobility and a distinct range of tolerance related to hydraulic stress tend to settle in areas with permanently stable conditions. Multivariate aspects are accounted through the fuzzy rule-based approach and do clearly affect habitat predictions. Habitat requirements of species particularly sensitive to hydropeaking are proposed for the investigation and application in the future. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.