Sammendrag
This report summarizes the main results and contributions from the “Market Based Demand Response” project (2005-2008).The project has been organized in three work packages with the following focuses: WP 1: Measures to increase the demand side price elasticity, WP 2: Technology and quality improvements in the “meter value chain” from the meter to the electricity bill and WP 3: International development through participation in the IEA/DSM project “Demand Response Resources”. One of the main aspects in this project was to encourage demand response to the marginal price in the electricity markets. Spot price energy products and Time of Day (ToD) tariffs have been used both for households and for larger customers. The principles and reason for the choice of tariffs are explained in the report.The following pilot tests involving households and medium sized customers have been carried out: a) “Fixed Price with Return options” energy contract, b) Remotely controlled load shifting, c) “Smart house” control in housing cooperative, d) Low prioritized loads controlled by building energy management system (institution and shop) and e) Automatic Demand Response to the electricity spot price.The Norwegian authorities have now decided that “smart meters” should be installed to all customers in Norway within 2014. Experiences from full-scale implementation of systems for automatic meter reading (AMR) have in this context been collected and described, and a specification of requirements for AMR systems is developed in cooperation with a group of network owners. Definitions of how to measure quality and availability of hourly meter data within the settlement period is proposed by the project.The main recommendations from the project:I) Temporary reduction in space heating and load shifting of water heaters are the most convenient demand response objects in Norway II) Frequent metering is needed to secure that the responsive customers really get lower bills in periods with high prices