Even our physical surroundings undergo digitalization and become Cyber Physical Systems integrated with both back office systems and smart front ends to keep Humans-in-the-Loop, typically exemplified by sectors such as Manufacturing (e.g., Industry 4.0), Mobility (e.g., Intelligent Transport Systems), Energy (e.g., Smart Grid), Health (e.g. e- and m-Health), etc.

People use digital solutions for a whole range of everyday tasks, ranging from important financial transactions through cooperating with others to home entertainment. These solutions put great demands on how they are engineered, how they are secured and can be trusted, and not least how they become human centric and give good user experiences.