HYPOGEN has the goal of providing Europe with a viable route to a hydrogen economy and includes as an interim step through the construction of a large-scale test facility for the production of hydrogen and electricity from decarbonised fossil fuels – with permanent CO₂ storage.

Dynamis is organised as an integrated project (IP) under the 6th framework programme of the European Union. The activities are structured in 6 sub-projects:

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SP1 Project management and administration

The aim of SP1 is to execute the project and offer administrative services as defined in subsequent sections (see paragraph 7). At the end of the project, SP1 will also cover the production of a report setting out the conclusions, recommendations and technology selection for the subsequent demonstration or production unit (HYPOGEN) covering technical and non-technical issues.

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SP2 Power plant & capture technology selection

Objectives
Determining the overall configuration of plants that employ gasification technologies for the decarbonisation of coal and lignite (via a synthesis gas), and reforming technologies for natural gas, to be used for a combined production of hydrogen and electric power generation. This includes process integration studies, benchmarking and optimisation.

The design and process for transforming fossil fuels to hydrogen, power and CO₂ will be investigated in detail in SP2.

Dependent on the fossil fuel applied, either natural gas or a coal type, it will be investigated what will be the most cost-efficient design of the plant. Parameters that will be emphasised are such as hydrogen yield, flexibility in hydrogen supply vs. power supply, reliability and cost of installation and operation. Alternative designs including for instance novel technologies for CO₂ separation will also be investigated (e.g. new and improved amines).

Guidelines for all boundary conditions in the plant design will be provided, and finally the different plant concepts proposed will be benchmarked, both for natural gas and coal as fuel. The outcome of this sub-project will be a recommendation for the pre-engineering studies on which concept that is preferable for the HYPOGEN plant. Close connection and cooperation with activities in the EU-project Encap and Castor will gain the outcome of this work.

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SP3 Product gas handling (H2 and CO₂ )

Objectives
Establishing - in terms of logistics - the basis for assessing, defining and recommending the suited locations for alternative HYPOGEN plants to go on stream by 2012, including prerequisites for pre-treatment systems for hydrogen and transport of CO₂ to their destinies. In this endeavour SP3 will provide:

Insight in the need for:

• Appropriate capture and storage sites in Europe
• Available transport concepts for CO₂ (best available technology)
• Required CO₂ infrastructure (versus plant and storage site)

Requirements:

• Purity and export quality of H2
• Interface requirements towards a future European hydrogen infrastructure
• CO₂ gas quality for piping and/or shipment
• Transport and injection technology for storage of CO₂
• Gap analyses (based on the above results). From these analyses the necessary short-term developments needed for transport pertaining to SP3 will be identified herein.

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SP4 Storage of CO₂

Objectives
Generating the basis for recommending plausible storage sites for CO₂ – and alternative industrial use of CO₂ – eventually for enhanced recovery of oil and gas.

Problem definition
In order pursue the targeted realisation of a large-scale demonstration of CO₂ capture and storage in geological formations in Europe by 2012 (HYPOGEN) the storage sites must meet the following criteria:

• To be ready when needed (especially if enhance oil recovery is to be investigated)
• Sink capacity above 60 million tonnes CO₂, i.e.2 Mt/y.
• Residence time beyond a thousand years
• Health and local environment safety
• Accessible; - on any term such as regulatory, geographical, economic, public acceptance and also the distance from CO₂ source to storage site

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SP5 Planning and Pre-Engineering of Plants

Objectives
Developing case studies derived from work performed by SP2, SP3, SP4 and SP6 pertaining to the HYPOGEN demonstration plant to go on stream in 2012. Each case study will be developed to the stage at which further equity can be attracted to reach financial close during the FP7 programme. This will be achieved by seeking to reduce uncertainty and risk in the areas set out below. The actual programme undertaken will be reviewed and optimised to reflect development experience.

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SP6 Societal anchorage of a HYPOGEN demonstration

Objectives
Exploring the market environment, the financial options, the legal and regulatory environment and the public perception of a future HYPOGEN plant. Based on the findings of the exploratory work, the aim is to develop strategies for a successful societal anchorage of a demonstration of hydrogen and electricity production from decarbonised fossil fuels.

Problem definition
The development and market introduction of Hydrogen and electricity production linked to CO₂ capture and storage technologies constitute a large scale innovation in the existing energy systems. The decarbonisation of fossil fuels will require new technologies and integration schemes at the power conversion units. A transport infrastructure for the products hydrogen and CO₂ will be needed and eventually operational storage technologies at suitable sites. The introduction of this concept thus involves the creation of two new major product streams requiring a market and distribution infrastructure to the point of use or the sink respectively.

Any successful innovation comprises not only new inventive elements of technology or organisational structure, but also a societal dimension of market demand, regulatory embedding and public acceptance. Without a supportive societal embedding, inventions do not make their way to a successful innovation.