Improved decision support

Acute emergency situations are characterised by high levels of uncertainty combined with a need for fast and reliable action. The operative leaders in emergency situations must gather relevant information from various sources and decide upon the correct action based on this information, available contextual information obtained by mobile workers in the field, and own experience. Examples of relevant emergency situations are:

• An avalanche search and rescue operation where the operative leader must decide if it is safe enough to enter the avalanche area. This decision is based on the available contextual information and experience of the operational leader.
• An explosion at a chemical plant where the emergency personnel arriving at the site needs to collect and process information from multiple sources, such as population registry, meteorological data and public transport, in order to respond appropriately.

To increase the efficiency and improve the quality of the decision process, there is a need for methods and tools that support prediction of information need and potential risks during operations. Current decision support tools in use by the organisations lack the necessary pre-emergency knowledge base to cover this need.

To increase the efficiency of data-gathering and improve the quality of communication between mobile workers and operative leaders, mobile workers need user interfaces for mobile devices that can adapt to the users context and need and that facilitate attention demanding tasks through support for interaction based on speech, sound and/or gestures.

The EMERGENCY project is a user-driven innovation project, which means that the research is driven by the end-user needs. The end-users of expected results from EMERGENCY are governmental organisations with responsibility in emergency situations such as the police, the fire service, the ambulance service and volunteer organisations, such as the Red Cross.

Two focus areas

In order develop solutions that meet the needs of the end-users EMERGENCY will focus on two main tasks:

• Establishment of critical information and scenario-based decision support prior to the emergency situation.
• Development of solutions for efficient on-site access to information and decision support.

Objectives

The main hypothesis of the EMERGENCY project is that a careful integration of state of the art technologies and principles for risk modelling, user interface design and hand held tools will significantly improve the decision making process of emergency situation operational leaders. The objective is to investigate this hypothesis through the development of mobile decision support solutions for emergency situations based on pre-emergency knowledge resulting from risk analysis.

Expected results

• A framework for specifying pre-emergency knowledge needed as on-site decision support in emergency situations.
• Methods for risk analysis that
  1. predict information needs;
  2. develop scenarios;
  3. collect necessary knowledge to be available for future emergency operations.
• Adapt existing software tools for risk analysis management to the application area of emergency situations.
• Tool for managing emergency work processes from risk analyses and real-time contextual information.
• Prototypes of adaptive and possibly multi modal support tools for emergency responders on mobile devices.

Partners involved in the EMERGENCY project

• Locus AS
• Geodata AS
• Norwegian Red Cross
• The Directorate for Civil Protection and Emergency Planning (DSB)
• Asker og Bærum Politidistrikt
• SINTEF

Field trials

To ensure that the developed tools and methods meet end-user needs it is important that they are tested and evaluated in the course of the project. The developed tools and methods will be tested in case studies that are conducted in user environments. The case studies will provide feedback on usability of developed tools and input to the knowledge base.